Automedicación en la pandemia Covid-19. Revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37135/ee.04.21.11Palabras clave:
automedicación, COVID-19, cuidados de enfermería, pandemia, prescripción médicaResumen
Introducción: La automedicación es un hábito frecuente en los individuos que por su propia iniciativa optan por ingerir medicamentos sin prescripción médica, la misma se incrementó durante la pandemia por el COVID-19. Metodología: Se realizó una investigación bibliográfica mediante la búsqueda de artículos científicos en bases científicas, alcanzando 47 artículos de campo, además de una guía publicada por el Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador, un manual de la Asociación de Farmacovigilancia de Colombia y dos libros digitales entre los años 2017-2022. Resultados: se evidenció que el porcentaje de automedicación alcanzó entre el 23,3% y 71,40% durante la pandemia, anterior a está osciló entre un 32,5% y 81,5%, ocasionando sobredosis, complicaciones gastrointestinales e insomnio. Conclusiones: Esta práctica aumentó a nivel mundial, como una forma de prevención, así mismo ante la facilidad del acceso a la medicación por medio de las farmacias, generando el aumento de la automedicación.
Descargas
Referencias
Mora É, Pérez A. Revisión y análisis bibliométrico de la investigación sobre automedicación desde el año 2000. Pers 21. [Internet] 2018 [citado 15 Feb 2023]; 21(1):31–79. Disponible en: https://www.redalyc.org/journal/1471/147158130009/.
Sweileh W. Global research publications on irrational use of antimicrobials: call for more research to contain antimicrobial resistance. Global Health. [Internet] 2021 [citado 6 Mar 2024]; 17(1):1–12. Disponible en: https://globalizationandhealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12992-021-00754-9.
Paudel S, Aryal B. Exploration of self-medication practice in Pokhara valley of Nepal. BMC Public Health. [Internet] 2020 [citado 2 Mar 2024]; 20(1):1–5. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32429936/.
Karimy M, Rezaee M, Tavousi M, Montazeri A, Araban M. Risk factors associated with self-medication among women in Iran. BMC Public Health. [Internet] 2019 [citado 5 Mar 2024]; 19(1):1–7. Disponible en: https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12889-019-7302-3.pdf.
Fereidouni Z, Najafi M. A model to explain self-medication by Iranian people: A qualitative grounded theory study. BMC Public Health. [Internet] 2019 [citado 8 Mar 2024]; 19(1):1–9. Disponible en: https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-019-7953-0.
Kassie A, Bifftu B, Mekonnen H. Self-medication practice and associated factors among adult household members in Meket district, Northeast Ethiopia, 2017. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. [Internet] 2018 [citado 14 Mar 2024]; 19(1):4–11. Disponible en: https://bmcpharmacoltoxicol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40360-018-0205-6.
Tesfamariam S, Anand I, Kaleab G, Berhane S, Woldai B, Habte E, et al. Self-medication with over the counter drugs, prevalence of risky practice and its associated factors in pharmacy outlets of Asmara, Eritrea. BMC Public Health. [Internet] 2019 [citado 12 Mar 2024]; 19(1):1–9. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30727984/.
Del Toro M, Díaz A, Barrios Z, Castillo I. Automedicación y creencias en torno a su práctica en Cartagena, Colombia. Rev Cuid. [Internet] 2017 [citado 20 Feb 2024]; 8(1):1509–18. Disponible en: http://www.revistacuidarte.org/index.php/cuidarte/article/download/367/759.
Ponce J, Ponce D, Rivadeneira J. Prevalencia de automedicación: estudio exploratorio en la provincia de Manabí , Ecuador. Dominio las Ciencias. [Internet] 2019 [citado 10 Mar 2024]; 5(7):1–16. Disponible en: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334669705_Prevalencia_de_automedicacion_estudio_exploratorio_en_la_provincia_de_Manabi_Ecuador.
Aslam A, Gajdács M, Zin C, Rahman N, Ahmed S, Jamshed S. Public awareness and practices towards self-medication with antibiotics among the Malaysian population. A development of questionnaire and pilot-testing. Antibiotics. [Internet] 2020 [citado 9 Mar 2024]; 9(2):1–14. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32102325/.
Molina J. Autoatención y automedicación: reflexiones y retos desde la ontología del ser social. Rev Costarric Psicol. [Internet] 2021 [citado 28 Mar 2024]; 40(2):107–29. Disponible en: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357409539.
Calderón C, Soler F, Pérez A. El Observatorio del Comportamiento de Automedicación de la Universidad del Rosario y su rol en la pandemia de covid-19. Rev Ciencias la Salud. [Internet] 2020 [citado 16 Mar 2023]; 18(2):1–8. Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=56263561001.
Yepes-Nuñez J, Urrutia G, Romero-Garcia M, Alonso-Fernandez S. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews Declaración PRISMA 2020: una guía actualizada para la publicación de revisiones sistemáticas. Rev Esp Cardiol. [Internet] 2020 [citado 18 Mar 2023]; 74(9):790-799. Disponible en: https://ddd.uab.cat/record/270298.
Nasir M, Chowdhury A, Zahan T. Self-medication during COVID-19 outbreak: a cross sectional online survey in Dhaka city. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol. [Internet] 2020 [citado 8 Mar 2023]; 9(9):1325. Disponible en: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343521751_Self-medication_during_COVID-19_outbreak_a_cross_sectional_online_survey_in_Dhaka_city.
Onchonga D, Omwoyo J, Nyamamba D. Assessing the prevalence of self-medication among healthcare workers before and during the 2019 SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic in Kenya. Saudi Phwoarm J. [Internet] 2020 [citado 8 May 2024]; 28(10):1149–54. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32837218/.
Makowska M, Boguszewski R, Nowakowski M. Self-Medication-Related Behaviors and Poland ’ s. Int J Environ Res Public Health. [Internet] 2020 [citado 27 Mar 2024]; 17(8344):2. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33187315/.
Palikhey A, Shrivastava A, Shrestha L, Gurung S, Yadav C, Manoj P, et al. Self-Medication Practices Among Medical and Non-Medical Students of Siddharthanagar, Nepal during Covid-19 Pandemic. KistmcthEduNp. [Internet] 2019 [citado 21 Mar 2024]; 1(2):52–5. Disponible en: http://kistmcth.edu.np/uploads/ckfinder/files/Final1_JKMC Vol_1_1_7th draft.pdf#page=37.
Chukwu E, Oladele D, Awoderu O, Afocha E, Lawal R, Abdus I, et al. A national survey of public awareness of antimicrobial resistance in Nigeria. Antimicrob Resist Infect Contro.l [Internet] 2020 [citado 1 Mar 2024]; 9(72):1–10. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32434552/.
Julius A, Famade M, Oduyoye O. Knowledge, Perception and Practice of Self-Medication Towards Covid-19 Prevention Among Residence of Felele Community, Ibadan, Oyo State. Spec ISSUE Int J Acad Res Business, Arts Sci. [Internet] 2021 [citado 11 Mar 2024]; 3(6):61–77. Disponible en: https://zenodo.org/record/5015877.
Lalwani P, Salgado BB, Filho IVP, da Silva DSS, de Morais TB do N, Jordão MF, et al. SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and associated factors in Manaus, Brazil: baseline results from the DETECTCoV-19 cohort study. Int J Infect Dis. [Internet] 2021 [citado 8 Mar 2024]; 110:141–50. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34273518/.
Iqbal Arain M, Shahnaz S, Anwar R, Anwar K. Assessment of Self-medication Practices During COVID-19 Pandemic in Hyderabad and Karachi, Pakistan. Sudan J Med Sci. [Internet] 2021 [citado 15 Mar 2024]; 16(23):1–8. Disponible en: https://search.bvsalud.org/global-literature-on-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov/resource/en/covidwho-1468872.
Arias F, Izquierdo-Condoy JS, Naranjo-Lara P, Alarcón V, Bonilla P, Erazo E, Carrington SJ, Ortiz-Prado E. A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Self-Medication Patterns during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ecuador. Medicina (Kaunas). [Internet] 2022 [citado 14 Ene 2024]; 58(11):1678. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36422217/.
Acharya A, Shrestha MV, Karki D. Self-medication among Medical Students and Staffs of a Tertiary Care Centre during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. [Internet] 2022 [citado 15 Ene 2024]; 60(245):59-62. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35199665/.
Yasmin F, Asghar MS, Naeem U, Najeeb H, Nauman H, Ahsan MN, Khattak AK. Self-Medication Practices in Medical Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. Front Public Health. [Internet] 2022 [citado 17 Ene 2024]; 10:803937. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35356012/.
Okoye OC, Adejumo OA, Opadeyi AO, Madubuko CR, Ntaji M, Okonkwo KC, Edeki IR, Agboje UO, Alli OE, Ohaju-Obodo JO. Self medication practices and its determinants in health care professionals during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic: cross-sectional study. Int J Clin Pharm. [Internet] 2022 [citado 14 Ene 2024]; 44(2):507-516. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35022953/.
Abdelwahed A, Abd-Elkader M, Mahfouz A, Abdelmawla M, Kabeel M, Elkot A, et al. Prevalence and influencing factors of self-medication during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Arab region: a multinational cross-sectional study. BMC public health. [Internet] 2023 [citado 10 Ene 2024]; 23(1): 180. Disponible en: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-023-15025-y.
Heshmatifar N, Davarinia Q, Mohammdzadeh Z, Moayed L, Moradi S, Rastagi S. Prevalence and factors related to self medication for COVID 19 prevention in the elderly-annotated. Iran J Ageing. [Internet] 2021 [citado 12 Ene 2024]; 16(1):112–27. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7532737.
Ramírez K, Torres J, Agurto M, Zhunio F. Factores que influyen en la automedicación durante la pandemia en estudiantes universitarios. Rev Estud CEUS (Ciencia Estud Unidad Salud). [Internet] 2020 [citado 18 Ene 2024]; 2(2):11–6. Disponible en: https://ceus.ucacue.edu.ec/index.php/ceus/article/view/39.
D’arqom A, Sawitri B, Nasution Z, Lazuardi R. “Anti-COVID-19” Medications, Supplements, and Mental Health Status in Indonesian Mothers with School-Age Children. Int J Womens Health. [Internet] 2021 [citado 13 Ene 2024]; 13:699–709. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8286101/.
Zhang A, Hobman E, De Barro P, Young A, Carter D, Byrne M. Self-medication with antibiotics for protection against COVID-19: The role of psychological distress, knowledge of, and experiences with antibiotics. Antibiotics. [Internet] 2021 [citado 14 Ene 2024]; 10(3):1–14. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33668953/.
Tekeba A, Ayele Y, Negash B, Gashaw T. Extent of and Factors Associated with Self-Medication among Clients Visiting Community Pharmacies in the Era of COVID-19: Does It Relieve the Possible Impact of the Pandemic on the Health-Care System? Risk Manag Healthc Policy. [Internet] 2021 [citado 4 Ene 2024]; 14:4939–51. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34934370/.
Navarrete P, Velasco J, Loro L. Automedicación en época de pandemia: Covid-19. Rev del Cuerpo Médico del HNAAA. [Internet] 2021 [citado 8 Ene 2024]; 13(4):350–5. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.org.pe/pdf/rcmhnaaa/v13n4/2227-4731-rcmhnaaa-13-04-350.pdf.
Quispe J, Fidel E, Manrique D, Mascaró J, Huamán K, Chamorro S, et al. Self-medication practices during the COVID-19 pandemic among the adult population in Peru: A cross-sectional survey. Saudi Pharm J. [Internet] 2021 [citado 7 Ene 2024]; 29(1):1–11. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33519270/.
Elayeh E, Akour A, Haddadin RN. Prevalence and predictors of self-medication drugs to prevent or treat COVID-19: Experience from a Middle Eastern country. Int J Clin Pract. [Internet] 2021 [citado 24 Ene 2024]; 75(11):1–12. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34516713/.
Ammar, Jairoun, Sabaa, Al-Hemyari, Naseem, Abdulla, et al. Online medication purchasing during the Covid-19 pandemic: potential risks to patient safety and the urgent need to develop more rigorous controls for purchasing online medications, a pilot study from the United Arab Emirates. J Pharm Policy Pract. [Internet] 2021 [citado 25 Ene 2024]; 14(1):1–7. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33931118/.
Chopra D, Bhandari B, Sidhu J, Jakhar K, Jamil F, Gupta R. Prevalence of self-reported anxiety and self-medication among upper and middle socioeconomic strata amidst COVID-19 pandemic. J Educ Health Promot. [Internet] 2021 [citado 27 Ene 2024]; 10(1):1–6. Disponible en: https://www.jehp.net/printarticle.asp?issn=2277-9531;year=2021;volume=10;issue=1;spage=73;epage=73;aulast=Chopra.
Wegbom A, Edet C, Raimi O, Fagbamigbe A, Kiri V. Self-Medication Practices and Associated Factors in the Prevention and/or Treatment of COVID-19 Virus: A Population-Based Survey in Nigeria. Front Public Heal. [Internet] 2021 [citado 14 Ene 2024]; 9:1–9. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8213209/.
Gras M, Gras V, Moragny J, Delaunay P, Laugier D, Masmoudi K, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the reporting of adverse drug reactions associated with self-medication. Ann Pharm Fr. [Internet] 2021 [citado 15 Ene 2024]; 79(5):522–9. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33631179/.
Dauner D, Dauner K. Summary of adverse drug events for hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, and chloroquine during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Am Pharm Assoc. [Internet] 2021 [citado 19 Ene 2024]; 61(3):293–8. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33546986/.
Ainsy T, Prakash M. Cyberchondria and its impact on self-medication and self care in COVID-19 pandemic - a cross sectional study. Biomed Pharmacol J. [Internet] 2021 [citado 10 Ene 2024]; 14(4):2235–44. Disponible en: https://search.bvsalud.org/global-literature-on-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov/resource/es/covidwho-1629497.
Azhar H, Tauseef A, Usman T, Azhar Y, Ahmed M, Umer K, et al. Prevalence, Attitude and Knowledge of Self Medication during Covid-19 Disease Pandemic. vlibrary.emro.who.int. [Internet] 2021 [citado 1 Ene 2024]; 15(5):1–4. Disponible en: https://vlibrary.emro.who.int/?goto=Q04jBjQNRBtVJC5bER5PXQYfPWUYRD5JE1taCVkRA1FrbEtJdzQ2AQ.
Rafiq K, Nesar S, Anser H, Leghari Q, Hassan A, Rizvi A, et al. Self-Medication in the COVID-19 Pandemic : Survival of the Fittest. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. [Internet] 2022 [citado 4 Ene 2024]; 20(38):1–5. Disponible en: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/disaster-medicine-and-public-health-preparedness/article/selfmedication-in-the-covid19-pandemic-survival-of-the-fittest/AFB81A4464FC1E613C88D4A3A54D08FC.
Ayosanmi OS, Alli BY, Akingbule OA, Alaga AH, Perepelkin J, Marjorie D, Sansgiry SS, Taylor J. Prevalence and Correlates of Self-Medication Practices for Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review. Antibiotics (Basel). [Internet] 2022 [citado 14 Ene 2024]; 11(6):808. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35740214/#:~:text=A%20total%20of%2014%20studies,%3A%2023.8%25%2C%2068.1%25).
Shrestha AB, Aryal M, Magar JR, Shrestha S, Hossainy L, Rimti FH. The scenario of self-medication practices during the covid-19 pandemic; a systematic review. Ann Med Surg (Lond). [Internet] 2022 [citado 29 Ene 2024]; 82:104482. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36059596/
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2024 Revista Eugenio Espejo
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
