COVID-19: epidemiología, virología y transmisibilidad
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37135/ee.04.12.10Palabras clave:
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, epidemiología, virologíaResumen
Hasta diciembre del 2019, seis tipos de coronavirus ya estaban identificados como generadores de enfermedad en humanos, destacándose dos brotes epidemiológicos anteriores: SARS-CoV en 2002 y MERS-CoV en 2012. El nuevo agente infeccioso que causó la pandemia de 2019 se denominó SARS-CoV-2, el que se manifiesta como un síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (COVID-19). Al respecto, el 30 de enero del 2020, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) decretó la emergencia sanitaria. El propósito de esta revisión fue analizar el contexto epidemiológico alrededor del SARS-CoV-2, mediante una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos científicas como: PubMed Central, LILACS y Google académico. Se concluyó que el SARS-CoV-2 es altamente transmisible, con una tasa de letalidad en Ecuador del 8,59%.
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